Shore Therapy

Christmas – the best time of year….or is it?

November 27, 2018 by Shore Therapy

Christmas is fast approaching this year, and while it is a brilliant time of fun & laughter, excitement & joy, family & friends – it can also be a time of stress & anxiety, Depression & sadness, and of loneliness. Most of us don’t realise that almost all of us experience a range of emotions in the lead up to the holiday period – many of them positive emotions but also many of them are those negative thoughts that nag away at us.

There are some important things to remember if you struggle through the festive season – firstly, it is ok to have negative thoughts and feelings. All of us have them – even that one person who is decked out in Christmas top to toe and has their house decorated like Santa’s Grotto. It is when these thoughts and feelings are persistent and constant that we should recognize, acknowledge, then do something about. This may be asking for help from family and friends, seeking help from a mental health professional or simply getting back into those routines (and sticking to them despite the disruption of the holiday season) that we know help our mental status i.e. exercise, meditation, proper sleep patterns etc.

Secondly, lets be mindful of what is causing these feelings – some of us are drinking more heavily and more often because of all those Christmas parties we are attending, are we stressed with the organization of gifts, and menus, are we under financial strain – there are many things that can cause these negative emotions but understanding why we are feeling that way is the first step to being able to manage those feelings.

Small things we can implement may help us manage this tricky time of year. Start getting organized now – think about what you need to buy, what you need to make, what gifts you’re giving and to whom and what events you would like to attend. By getting this preparation done early, you can concentrate on getting things done bit by bit – making the tasks, the events and the entire holiday period seem less daunting. Online shopping is a great way to do your shopping without having the stress of big crowds and busy malls – but for this to be effective it has to be done early.

Being organized early also means that the financial burden of Christmas is easier to manage. Being able to put money aside or buy gifts with each pay packet can mean that the stress and worry of affording Christmas is not as severe. Setting a budget is extremely helpful – but you have to stick to it. It is ok to be on a small budget – family and friends understand that this time of year isn’t all about gifts and they will appreciate your time and your thought. Your mental health will thank you if you set a budget which is achievable. There are a lot of tools out there that can help with budgeting if you struggle such as https://sorted.org.nz/, but sometimes it is as easy as picking the maximum you can and want to spend and sticking to it.

When it comes to Christmas parties and events – the pressure to consume alcohol can increase and can seem overwhelming – remember to always only drink what you’re comfortable with and that you don’t have to drink at these events. For more information read our recent post on how to feel included in social situations without drinking (http://www.shoretherapy.co.nz/social-drinking-and-how-to-opt-out/). Drinking in large quantities can be a depressant and often this happens at this time of year with numerous parties and events to attend. Just remember that this is likely to lower your mood. If you’re already experiencing negative thoughts and feelings then it may be helpful to lay off the alcohol. Its also important to remember that throughout the holidays many substance and alcohol abuse issues are more likely to arise. With a pressure to feel jolly and festive, it is easy to reach for those substances that help elevate your mood, and many of those substances like alcohol seem to be readily available whichever way you look. Use the resources that are available to you – AA meetings, Alcohol and substance abuse counsellors, your sponsors. It is tempting when you’re feeling low and it seems that everyone else is happy and jolly but remember partaking in these substances can result in much lower feelings – guilt, remorse, loneliness, nervousness and depression and more than likely other people are feeling exactly as you are.

Loneliness becomes increasingly obvious at this time of year – every movie you watch, every song you sing, every Christmas function you go to – all surround around family and friends. It can be difficult for those of us who don’t have a close support network, whether it be because our family and friends are far away geographically, that you’ve just moved to a new neighbourhood or because members of your family have recently passed. There are numerous reasons you can feel lonely at this time of year but get out there and get involved. Find groups you can join, places you can go. It is hard to find the motivation to put yourself out there – but you get to build your own support network and there are always people who want to be part of it. Open yourself up to these opportunities and you may find that you have a far stronger network than what you thought.

Remember that it is completely ok and normal to feel stressed, anxious, sad or lonely at times over the holiday period but if these feelings are persistent and constant then professional advice may help you to cope. Shore Therapy operates in both Northland and Auckland and can help you throughout this time period.

Filed Under: Addiction, Anxiety, Relationships, Stress Tagged With: anxiety, depression, loneliness, stress

Bullying, Cyber Bullying and Mental Health

July 12, 2018 by Shore Therapy

bullyingBullying has unfortunately become more frequent in our society. Many of us associate bullying with children and youth, and while it is very prevalent in these demographics, it can also occur at any age, and in any setting. Work place bullying and cyber bullying can occur far more often than many of us realise and it can be very damaging to our mental health.

Firstly, it is important to understand what bullying actually is. The oxford dictionary defines a bully as “A person who habitually seeks to harm or intimidate those whom they perceive as vulnerable” 1.

To expand on this definition further, there are four main factors that are associated with bullying:

  • Harming another individual intentionally
  • A misuse of power within a relationship
  • Repetition – bullying is not usually a ‘one off’
  • Behavior that can cause harm

However, there are instances when someone’s aggression is not bullying, but can appear so when it feels directed at us. These often require a different approach, so it is important to be able to identify the differences, so the most appropriate action can be taken. These instances can include:

  • A one-off fight
  • A disagreement between friends where there is no difference in power
  • One off acts of meanness
  • A single act of social rejection

The important things to remember when identifying bullying is:

  • Intentional harm, power imbalance and repetitive behaviours 2

In a Victoria University of Wellington study, a survey of staff throughout schools around the country was completed. In this study, 94% of participants indicated that bullying occurred in their schools 3

A survey of 1700 participants demonstrated that one in five workers have experienced work place bullying 4.

Cyberbullying rates are on the rise, with all age groups being susceptible. It is believed that younger age groups are more likely to experience cyber bullying with approximately 46% of 18-19 year old’s experiencing some form of digital bullying 5.

Bullying has become a daily struggle for many individuals, and its impacts can be far reaching. In the Northland, Whangarei and Auckland areas, the suicide rates have increased, so much so, that the highest number of suicides was recorded in the 2016-2017 year compared to the last ten years. The highest proportion being those under 24years old 6.

There is numerous research that link bullying with a range of mental health issues, such as, lower self-esteem, higher rates of depression, stress, feelings of hopelessness and a higher probability of self-harm or suicide. For many individuals, frequent bullying can leave them feeling alone, victimized and with no options left to escape the threatening and abusive behavior. This may lead to an increase in suicidal or self-harming thoughts and tendencies 7.

In our youth, lower school performance, lower academic performance and lower school spirit has been linked to those who are bullied, both in person, or through digital media. This may lead to further social withdrawal and unwillingness to participate in social events which may continue to translate into adult life.

Many people who suffer bullying in school or high school believe that bullying had an impact on their mental health, and that this continued to impact the rest of their lives. However, with the likes of work-place bullying and cyber bullying, anyone can be vulnerable, and unfortunately, those who have been targeted in the past are more likely to be targeted by others as they seem to be “easy marks”. Low self-esteem and a history  of not standing up for oneself may contribute to this.

Along with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and self-harming, a higher prevalence of psychosomatic problems can be evident. Psychosomatic problems are physical symptoms or ailments which are caused, aggravated or associated with mental factors. This can include many complaints ranging from skin disorders such as eczema and psoriasis, to heart issues and high blood pressure, to irritable bowel like symptoms. All of these issues can translate into lifetime problems and will continue to have an impact on a person as a whole. Unfortunately, this can cause a vicious cycle as some of these symptoms are visible or noticeable in everyday life and can cause an easy reason to be bullied (this is more obvious in children and youth). This in turn can make depressive and anxious thoughts increase which can then worsen visible symptoms. A good example of this is any skin conditions. It is easy to judge a person who has a visible rash or skin irritation, for which they are already feeling self-conscious over, however, actively criticising someone for it will only intensify these feelings and could therefore, make the rash more inflamed 8.

Being a victim of bullying of any kind can also increase the chances of substance abuse. The more common substances abused in these cases is usually alcohol and marijuana. We already know that there are implications for both our mental and physical health with bullying, however, when we add a substance abuse issue, the impact on our mental health multiplies. Along with our negative thought patterns, we now also have an addiction to battle. Often victims of bullying will turn to these substances to escape from their reality and numb or dull these thought patterns. However, the addiction itself can encourage and strengthen these patterns. This behavior is anti-social and will withdraw the individual further, causing less motivation to engage in social interactions and decrease general day to day function. This will also have an impact on any positive and supportive relationships that are in their lives, and therefore can become self-destructive 9.

Bullying is a global issue which seems to be prevalent in many different societies and cultures. As a whole, we are more aware of bullying, and more attention, time and effort is being put into creating healthier environments and relationships. On a personal level, there are some small changes that you can make to allow you to feel safer and encourage you to regain some of your power, confidence and self-esteem.

  1. Stay Safe. As soon as you are uncomfortable and don’t feel safe in a situation, leave. Engage the help of others whether that be in the form of law enforcement, help hotlines or friends and family for support. They are all there to help you.
  2. Keep your distance. Where possible don’t engage with your bully, they are not worth your time or your energy and your self-worth is not tied to their opinions of you.
  3. Communicate. Talk about your experiences with those that you trust, a hotline, therapist, colleague, friend or family member. Suffering in silence only increases those negative thoughts. If you remain quiet about the bullying you’re experiencing, it can encourage the bully to repeat and intensify the behavior. Knowing that there is no consequence to their actions can mean the bully only escalates the abusive behaviours. Talking to someone about your experiences is a great stress relief for you but can also better equip you to deal with these actions.
  4. When interaction between you and your bully does occur, keep your cool. Reactions are what bullies thrive on. Think before you react, whether it is with a clear, concise response or simply keeping your composure, bullies are thrown off balance if they don’t receive the reaction they expect. This is not to say that you allow them to do what they like to you and you give no response. You can stick up for yourself, but responding in anger or embarrassment is the reaction they expect.
  5. In workplaces, it is important to recognize when bullying is occurring. When you realise that this is happening, put some barriers in place to safe guard yourself. Where possible, have a third-party present throughout your interactions with your bully and use formal communication through written media – there is a paper trail that can always be looked back upon 10.

Of course, these points don’t apply to everyone or every situation but they can be some good starting points. If you or someone you know is struggling with bullying, then please seek help. At the bottom of this article you will find links to several different places you can turn to for help. For help with some of the mental health side effects of bullying, reach out to our Therapists at Shore Therapy for some professional help.

HelpLines & More information:

Lifeline: 0800 543 354 (available 24/7)

Kidsline: 0800 543 754 (available 24/7)

The Raid Movement: http://www.theraidmovement.co.nz/

NetSafe: https://www.netsafe.org.nz/

REFERENCES:
1 https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/bully 2018
2 https://www.bullyingfree.nz/about-bullying/what-is-bullying/
3 https://www.victoria.ac.nz/education/research/current-research-activity/new-research-into-bullying/Bullying-in-NZ-Schools.pdf (Green, Harcourt, Mattioni & Prior, 2013)
4O’Driscoll, M. P.,Cooper-Thomas, H. D., Bentley, T., Catley, B. E., Gardner, D. H., & Trenberth, L. (2011). Workplace bullying in New Zealand: A survey of employee perceptions and attitudes. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 49(4), 390- 408. doi:10.1177/1038411111422140
5 Steiner-Fox, H. W., Dutt, S. J., Christiansen, S. J., Newton, H. J., Matika, C. M., Lindsay, C., Sare, M. H. , Kapeli, S. A., & Stronge, S. (2016). Rates of cyberbullying among women and men in New Zealand in 2015. NZAVS Policy Brief, 3.
6 https://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/assets/Suicide/2016-2017-annual-provisional-suicide-figures-Final-version-Embargoed-midday-28-August-2017.pdf
7 Ford, King, Priest & Kavanagh, (2017), Bullying and mental health and suicidal behavior among 14 to 15 year olds in a representative sample of Australian Children. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0004867417700275
8 Gini & Pozzoli, (2009). Association Between Bullying and Psychosomatic Problems: A Meta-analysis. American Academy of Paediatrics, vol123:Is3
9 Radliff, Wheaton, Robinson & Morris, (2012), Illuminating the relationship between bullying and substance use among middle and high school youth. Addictive Behaviours, vol37:Is4
10 Ni, (2016), 8 Keys to Handling Adult Bullies https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/communication-success/201611/8-keys-handling-adult-bullies

Filed Under: Addiction, Anxiety, Relationships, Therapy Tagged With: bullying, cyberbullying, depression, psychosomatic, suicide, Therapy

Social Drinking and how to opt out

July 1, 2018 by Shore Therapy

With Dry July just around the corner, it is a perfect opportunity to have a look at our social habits associated with drinking. With many of us choosing to partake in a dry month, it becomes more apparent of our ‘social dependency’ on alcohol.

Have you ever been at a bar/pub/backyard BBQ and felt awkward and uncomfortable because you are the only one not drinking? In New Zealand we have a large binge drinking culture which has been well publicized. However, we also have a tendency to link alcohol with most of our positive, social experiences. Weddings, Birthdays, after work drinks at an Auckland bar, a casual weekend at your Northland Bach – can you remember a time alcohol wasn’t a part of this? This can make it seem like alcohol is required for us to have a good time,  but can also make it difficult to opt out.

Firstly, we should understand what drives our desire to drink while in these situations. Is it to enjoy a glass of wine with dinner, or to “bring you out of your shell”? Is it to numb any thoughts or feelings, or simply because its what everyone else is doing? Understanding the motivation, is the first step of learning how to be comfortable in social situations without the use of alcohol. This can sometimes require a more in-depth approach which can be explored under appropriate guidance from a mental health professional. However here are a few pointers and strategies that can be used to ease that transition into sobriety, even if it is just for one month.

  • Know what you would like to drink. Have a favourite drink that you order from a bar (Mocktail, soda etc.). If the event is BYO – take your favourite drink with you, just like you would take your box of beer or bottle of wine. Be confident in what you are ordering or asking for, the language that we use when ordering is important for our perceptions e.g. “I’ll have a sparkling mineral water in a wine glass please” vs “I’m not drinking alcohol anymore…” the negative connotations in our language can transfer to our mood.
  • Hold your drink in your hand. When you’re holding your drink, you’re less likely to be offered another, and therefore you can field less of those “why aren’t you drinking?” questions.
  • Have an answer ready for those that ask why you aren’t drinking – give as little or as much detail as you are comfortable with but something like “I’m giving it a miss tonight” or “I’m not drinking anymore” is often sufficient.
  • Tell your friends and family – they can support you with your decision to not drink and can help keep you on track.
  • Understanding yourself and others can be helpful. Watch others and their behavior change with alcohol, consider what influences it has on you and how your behavior and experience of social situations is different. It’s important to remember that alcohol isn’t needed to meet and communicate with people. The more that you do this without the influence of alcohol the easier it can become.
  • Enjoy the morning after – notice how great it feels to wake up without a hangover! Use that morning to do something you love rather than nursing a sore head. This is great motivation for the next social gathering that you’d like to skip the alcohol for.
  • It gets easier! Know that in time, it will become your new normal. You will get used to communicating and having a great time without the need for alcohol. You’ll find that those that care about you will accept and embrace your choice of sobriety, even if it is temporary.

“Dry July” is just one step in the right direction for a social dependency on alcohol. As a society we’re beginning to recognize that this is an issue and more open and honest conversations are beginning to be had. However, sometimes a more individualized approach is required. If you are concerned about your drinking, or that of someone you care about please seek professional help. If you need to talk about your drinking with a therapist in Auckland, reach out to the team at Shore Therapy. For some alternative resources on managing drinking see https://www.alcohol.org.nz/

 

Filed Under: Addiction Tagged With: alcohol, alcoholism, Drinking, peer pressure, social drinking

Pornography Addiction

February 25, 2015 by admin

With access to the internet and cell phone apps in everyday life becoming the norm, it is not surprising that access to pornography andPornography Addiction sexual images has also become easier. Using pornography is not in itself a damaging or unhealthy behaviour, however, it is becoming increasing clear that it does have an addictive quality and recently has been known to impact couples in relationship. Relationships can be adversely affected by the addictive influences of pornography and numerous couples are finding it difficult to create intimacy and often the motivation for sex, and foreplay is severely diminished.

It has been noted that there are a number of factors that can influence the ‘usage’ of pornographic images. It is generally based on stress levels, family circumstances, emotional wellbeing, relationship status, etc.

If you are worried or concerned about your involvement with pornography, Skinner describes seven levels of pornographic usage that might help you identify whether gaining professional support would be beneficial for your well being.

Pornography Addiction Stages

Level  1: using pornography, pornographic images or sexual images once or twice a year.

Level 2: using pornography, pornographic images or sexual images two to six times a year.

Level 3: using pornography, pornographic images or sexual images once a month – though the usage of pornographic content for several days and then stopping (binging) can also occur at this stage.

Level 4 – 6: using pornography, pornographic images or sexual images increasingly with more binges and fewer days between each binge. The appearance of withdrawals are noted between each binge and individuals spend more time fantasising which impacts their lives.

Level 7: using pornography, pornographic images or sexual images for hours on a daily basis and the pornography images become more ‘hard-core’ and violent. The individual’s thoughts are dominated by sex and pornography and often act out their sexual fantasies – sometimes leading to violent crime.

 

Pornography Addiction Help

If you feel that you identify with level 3 or higher please reach out for professional help, as level 3 is noted as bordering problematic/compulsion.

If you would like to speak with anyone about pornography addiction or any other issues please feel free to contact us at Shore Therapy, Auckland Therapy and Counselling. To make a confidential, discrete appointment click here to visit our bookings page.

 

Reference: Tarver, M (2010). The effects of pornography addiction on marital consent.

 

Image courtesy of “Wilson”

Filed Under: Addiction, Pornography, Therapy Tagged With: addiction, porn, pornography

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